Solar panels degrade over time because cell materials and interconnections deteriorate from light-induced degradation (LID), potential-induced degradation (PID), thermal cycling, UV exposure, moisture ingress, microcracks, and soiling.
[PDF Version]
Key tests include module visual inspection (micro-cracks, hot spots, snail trails), string Voc and Isc measurements compared to STC ratings, polarity verification, DC insulation resistance (minimum 1MΩ × system voltage), inverter parameter setup, anti-islanding protection.
[PDF Version]